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# Agent Guidelines for clink
## Build & Test Commands
- Build: `go build -o clink .`
- Cross-compile: `./build.sh` (creates binaries in `dist/` for all platforms)
- Run client: `go run . -host localhost:9000`
- Run server: `go run . -server -host localhost:9000`
- Test: `go test ./...` (currently no tests)
- Format: `gofmt -w .`
- Lint: `go vet ./...`
## Code Style
- **Imports**: Standard library first, then third-party (blank line between), use named imports for clarity (e.g., `tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"`)
- **Formatting**: Use `gofmt`, tabs for indentation
- **Types**: Explicit types, struct fields exported when needed for JSON/external use
- **Naming**: CamelCase for exports, camelCase for private, descriptive names (e.g., `connectedMsg`, `fetchMenuCmd`)
- **Error handling**: Check all errors explicitly, wrap with `fmt.Errorf("context: %w", err)` for context
- **Comments**: Minimal, only for public APIs or complex logic
- **Concurrency**: Use channels and goroutines for I/O operations (see `connectCmd`, `Hub.Run`)

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README.md
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# Clink - TCP Socket-Based Order System
## Overview
Clink is a real-time order management system demonstrating TCP socket programming concepts in Go. The application consists of a TCP server that manages client connections and broadcasts order updates, and a Terminal User Interface (TUI) client that connects to the server to place orders and receive real-time updates from all connected clients.
**Main Topic:** Socket Programming with TCP in Go
---
## Architecture
### Components
1. **TCP Server** (`server.go`) - Multi-client socket server with broadcast capability
2. **TUI Client** (`main.go`) - Interactive terminal client using TCP sockets
3. **Protocol** - Custom text-based protocol over TCP
---
## Socket Programming Concepts Demonstrated
### 1. TCP Server Socket Creation
**Location:** `server.go:252-256`
```go
func startTCPServer(addr string) error {
ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr)
if err != nil {
return err
}
```
- Uses `net.Listen()` to create a TCP listener socket
- Binds to the specified address (default: `localhost:9000`)
- Returns a `net.Listener` that can accept incoming connections
---
### 2. Accepting Client Connections
**Location:** `server.go:261-268`
```go
for {
c, err := ln.Accept()
if err != nil {
log.Printf("accept error: %v", err)
continue
}
go handleConn(hub, c)
}
```
- `Accept()` blocks until a client connects
- Each connection is handled in a separate goroutine
- This enables concurrent handling of multiple clients
---
### 3. Client Socket Connection
**Location:** `main.go:484-493`
```go
func connectCmd(addr string) tea.Cmd {
return func() tea.Msg {
conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 3*time.Second)
if err != nil {
return statusMsg(fmt.Sprintf("Connect failed: %v", err))
}
return connectedMsg{conn: conn}
}
}
```
- Uses `net.DialTimeout()` to establish TCP connection
- Includes 3-second timeout to prevent indefinite blocking
- Returns `net.Conn` interface for bidirectional communication
---
### 4. Buffered Reading from Socket
**Location:** `main.go:148-150`
```go
case connectedMsg:
m.conn = msg.conn
m.reader = bufio.NewReader(m.conn)
```
**Why Buffered Reading?**
- Raw socket reads are byte-level and inefficient
- `bufio.Reader` provides buffering and line-reading capabilities
- **Critical:** Single `bufio.Reader` instance per connection prevents data corruption
- Multiple readers on the same socket would compete for bytes
---
### 5. Reading Greeting Messages
**Location:** `main.go:153-159`
```go
_ = m.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond))
for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
if _, err := m.reader.ReadString('\n'); err != nil {
break
}
}
_ = m.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
```
- Server sends 2 greeting lines upon connection (lines 131-132 in `server.go`)
- Client consumes these to prevent interference with protocol messages
- **Socket Deadline:** Temporary 500ms timeout prevents indefinite blocking
- Deadline is reset to zero (no timeout) after consuming greetings
---
### 6. Writing to Socket
**Location:** `main.go:506`, `main.go:544`
```go
// Sending MENU request
fmt.Fprintln(conn, "MENU")
// Sending ORDER request
fmt.Fprintf(conn, "ORDER %s\n", string(b))
```
**Location:** `server.go:155`, `server.go:211`
```go
// Server responses
fmt.Fprintln(c, string(b)) // MENU response
fmt.Fprintf(c, "OK|%.2f\n", total) // ORDER response
```
- `fmt.Fprintln()` and `fmt.Fprintf()` write to any `io.Writer`, including sockets
- Newline-delimited protocol (each message ends with `\n`)
- Text-based protocol for simplicity and debuggability
---
### 7. Socket Read Deadlines (Timeouts)
**Location:** `main.go:510-511`, `main.go:550-551`, `main.go:581-583`
```go
// Set 3-second timeout for MENU
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second))
defer func() { _ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{}) }()
// Set 5-second timeout for ORDER
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second))
// Set 100ms timeout for broadcasts (polling)
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond))
```
**Why Different Timeouts?**
- **MENU/ORDER (3-5s):** Synchronous request-response, expect immediate reply
- **Broadcasts (100ms):** Asynchronous polling loop, short timeout prevents blocking
- Deadlines prevent reads from blocking forever if server stops responding
**Deadline vs Timeout:**
- `SetReadDeadline()` sets an absolute time
- After deadline expires, read returns `net.Error` with `Timeout() == true`
---
### 8. Handling Timeout Errors
**Location:** `main.go:585-589`
```go
if err != nil {
if netErr, ok := err.(net.Error); ok && netErr.Timeout() {
return broadcastMsg("") // Timeout is expected, continue polling
}
return statusMsg(fmt.Sprintf("Connection closed: %v", err))
}
```
- Type assertion to check if error is `net.Error`
- Distinguish between timeout (expected) and connection failure
- Timeouts in broadcast loop are normal behavior (polling mechanism)
---
### 9. Concurrent Socket Communication Challenge
**The Problem:** Race condition between synchronous requests and asynchronous broadcasts
**Location:** `main.go:130`, `main.go:548`, `main.go:213-215`
```go
// Before ORDER: Pause broadcast listener
m.pauseBroadcast = true
// Wait for broadcast listener's current read to timeout
time.Sleep(150 * time.Millisecond)
// Broadcast handler: Slow down polling when paused
if m.pauseBroadcast {
time.Sleep(50 * time.Millisecond)
}
```
**Why This Is Needed:**
- Single TCP socket shared between request-response and broadcast listening
- Only one goroutine can read from socket at a time
- Without coordination, broadcast listener might consume ORDER response
- Solution: Coordinate reads using pause flag and timeouts
**Timeline Without Coordination:**
```
Time Action
t=0 ORDER sent
t=1 Broadcast listener reads "OK|9.00" (WRONG!)
t=3000 submitOrderCmd times out (never got response)
```
**Timeline With Coordination:**
```
Time Action
t=0 pauseBroadcast = true
t=0 ORDER sent
t=150 Broadcast listener's 100ms timeout expires
t=150 Broadcast listener sees pause, sleeps 50ms
t=150 submitOrderCmd reads "OK|9.00" (SUCCESS!)
t=200 Broadcast listener resumes with pause = false
```
---
### 10. Hub Pattern for Broadcasting
**Location:** `server.go:36-80`
```go
type Hub struct {
mu sync.Mutex
conns map[net.Conn]struct{}
joinCh chan net.Conn
leaveCh chan net.Conn
msgCh chan broadcast
}
func (h *Hub) Run() {
for {
select {
case c := <-h.joinCh:
h.mu.Lock()
h.conns[c] = struct{}{}
h.mu.Unlock()
case c := <-h.leaveCh:
h.mu.Lock()
if _, ok := h.conns[c]; ok {
delete(h.conns, c)
_ = c.Close()
}
h.mu.Unlock()
case msg := <-h.msgCh:
h.mu.Lock()
for c := range h.conns {
if msg.exclude != nil && c == msg.exclude {
continue
}
fmt.Fprintln(c, msg.text) // Write to each socket
}
h.mu.Unlock()
}
}
}
```
**Pattern Benefits:**
- Centralized connection management
- Thread-safe access to connection map using mutex
- Fan-out broadcast to all connected sockets
- Optional exclusion (don't echo back to sender)
**Broadcasting an Order:** `server.go:207-209`
```go
h.msgCh <- broadcast{
text: fmt.Sprintf("[order] %s ordered %d × %s ($%.2f)",
ord.Name, ord.Quantity, chosen.Name, total),
}
```
---
### 11. Per-Connection Handler
**Location:** `server.go:115-248`
```go
func handleConn(h *Hub, c net.Conn) {
defer func() { h.leaveCh <- c }()
h.joinCh <- c
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(c)
scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 0, 1024), 64*1024)
for scanner.Scan() {
line := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
// Protocol handling...
}
}
```
**Key Points:**
- Runs in separate goroutine per connection
- `defer` ensures cleanup when connection closes
- Uses `bufio.Scanner` for line-by-line reading
- Handles multiple protocol commands: `MENU`, `ORDER`, `/name`, `/quit`
---
### 12. Connection Lifecycle
**Server Side:**
1. `ln.Accept()` - Accept incoming connection (`server.go:262`)
2. `h.joinCh <- c` - Register connection in hub (`server.go:117`)
3. Send greeting messages (`server.go:131-132`)
4. Process commands in loop (`server.go:141-240`)
5. `h.leaveCh <- c` - Unregister and close (`server.go:116`)
**Client Side:**
1. `net.DialTimeout()` - Establish connection (`main.go:487`)
2. Create `bufio.Reader` (`main.go:150`)
3. Consume greeting messages (`main.go:153-159`)
4. Send protocol commands (`MENU`, `ORDER`)
5. Listen for broadcasts (`main.go:570-593`)
6. `conn.Close()` - Close on quit (`main.go:234`)
---
## Protocol Specification
### Text-Based Protocol over TCP
All messages are newline-delimited (`\n`).
#### Client → Server
**1. MENU Request**
- Format: `MENU\n`
- Location: `main.go:506`
- Server handler: `server.go:149-157`
- Response: JSON array of menu items
**Example:**
```
Client: MENU
Server: [{"id":"latte","name":"Caffè Latte","price":4.5},...]
```
**2. ORDER Request**
- Format: `ORDER <json>\n`
- Location: `main.go:544`
- Server handler: `server.go:160-213`
- Response: `OK|<total>\n`
**Example:**
```
Client: ORDER {"name":"Alice","itemId":"latte","quantity":2}
Server: OK|9.00
```
#### Server → Client (Broadcasts)
**1. Order Broadcast**
- Format: `[order] <name> ordered <qty> × <item> ($<total>)\n`
- Location: `server.go:207-209`
- Client handler: `main.go:205-216`
**Example:**
```
[order] Alice ordered 2 × Caffè Latte ($9.00)
```
**2. Join/Leave Broadcasts**
- Format: `[join] <username> (<id>)\n` or `[leave] <username> (<id>)\n`
- Location: `server.go:135`, `server.go:247`
---
## Application Flow
### Server Startup Flow
```
1. main() [server.go:595]
└─ Parse flags: --server
2. startTCPServer() [server.go:251]
└─ net.Listen("tcp", addr)
3. hub.Run() [server.go:54]
└─ Goroutine: Handle join/leave/broadcast channels
4. Accept loop [server.go:261-268]
└─ For each connection:
└─ go handleConn(hub, conn)
├─ Register: hub.joinCh <- conn
├─ Send greeting [131-132]
├─ Process commands [141-240]
│ ├─ MENU → JSON response [149-157]
│ ├─ ORDER → Validate, broadcast, ack [160-213]
│ └─ /name, /quit [216-236]
└─ Cleanup: hub.leaveCh <- conn [116]
```
---
### Client Startup Flow
```
1. main() [main.go:595]
└─ tea.NewProgram(initialModel(host))
2. Init() [main.go:88-91]
└─ Return connectCmd(host)
3. connectCmd() [main.go:484-493]
└─ net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 3s)
└─ Return connectedMsg{conn}
4. Update(connectedMsg) [main.go:148-161]
├─ Create bufio.Reader(conn)
├─ Consume 2 greeting lines
└─ Status: "Connected"
```
---
### Order Submission Flow (Client)
```
1. User presses 'n' [main.go:247]
└─ If menu cached: Show form
└─ Else: fetchMenuCmd()
2. fetchMenuCmd() [main.go:500-527]
├─ Write: "MENU\n"
├─ SetReadDeadline(3s)
└─ Read JSON response
3. Update(menuLoadedMsg) [main.go:163-175]
└─ Build and show order form
4. User fills form [name, item, quantity, confirm]
└─ Form completed [main.go:107-135]
5. If confirmed:
├─ Set pauseBroadcast = true [130]
└─ submitOrderCmd() [534-567]
├─ Marshal order to JSON
├─ Write: "ORDER <json>\n"
├─ Sleep 150ms (coordination)
├─ SetReadDeadline(5s)
└─ Read: "OK|<total>\n"
6. Update(orderSubmittedMsg) [main.go:177-203]
├─ Set pauseBroadcast = false
├─ Display success status
├─ If first order:
│ └─ Start broadcast listener
└─ Else:
└─ Resume broadcast listener
```
---
### Broadcast Listening Flow (Client)
```
1. Start after first order [main.go:192-194]
└─ Set broadcastListening = true
2. listenForBroadcastsCmd() [main.go:570-593]
├─ SetReadDeadline(100ms) # Poll with timeout
├─ line, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
└─ Three outcomes:
├─ Timeout → Return broadcastMsg("")
├─ Error → Connection closed
└─ Success → Return broadcastMsg(line)
3. Update(broadcastMsg) [main.go:205-216]
├─ If "[order]" prefix:
│ └─ Append to broadcasts list (max 10)
├─ If pauseBroadcast:
│ └─ Sleep 50ms (slow down polling)
└─ Restart: listenForBroadcastsCmd()
```
**Polling Loop Visualization:**
```
Time (ms) Action
0 SetReadDeadline(+100ms)
0-100 Blocking read...
100 Timeout → broadcastMsg("")
100 Handle message, restart
100 SetReadDeadline(+100ms)
100-200 Blocking read...
150 [Data arrives: "[order] Alice..."]
150 Success → broadcastMsg("[order]...")
150 Handle message, append to list
150 Restart loop
```
---
### Order Processing Flow (Server)
```
1. Receive: "ORDER <json>\n" [server.go:160]
2. Parse and validate [server.go:161-203]
├─ json.Unmarshal(raw, &ord)
├─ Check: ord.Name != ""
├─ Check: ord.Quantity > 0
└─ Lookup: Find menuItem by ord.ItemID
3. Calculate total [server.go:205]
└─ total = quantity × price
4. Broadcast to all clients [server.go:207-209]
└─ hub.msgCh <- broadcast{...}
└─ Hub writes to ALL sockets [server.go:68-77]
└─ fmt.Fprintln(c, msg.text)
5. Acknowledge to sender [server.go:211]
└─ Write: "OK|<total>\n"
```
---
## Key Socket Programming Challenges & Solutions
### Challenge 1: Single Socket, Dual Purpose
**Problem:** Same socket used for:
- Synchronous request-response (MENU, ORDER)
- Asynchronous broadcast receiving
**Solution:**
- Broadcast listener uses short (100ms) timeouts
- Before synchronous requests: pause broadcast polling
- Coordination via `pauseBroadcast` flag and sleep delays
- Locations: `main.go:130`, `main.go:548`, `main.go:213-215`
---
### Challenge 2: Buffered Reader Data Corruption
**Problem:** Multiple `bufio.Reader` instances on same socket would:
- Compete for bytes from socket buffer
- Corrupt message boundaries
- Cause incomplete/split messages
**Solution:**
- Single `bufio.Reader` created once at connection (`main.go:150`)
- Shared across all read operations
- Passed to all command functions
---
### Challenge 3: Greeting Message Interference
**Problem:** Server sends 2 greeting lines on connect
- Would be parsed as protocol responses
- MENU/ORDER reads would get greeting instead of response
**Solution:**
- Consume greetings immediately after connect (`main.go:153-159`)
- Use short deadline (500ms) to prevent blocking
- Clear socket buffer before protocol starts
---
### Challenge 4: Connection Cleanup
**Problem:** Connections must be cleaned up on:
- Client disconnect
- Server shutdown
- Network errors
**Solution (Server):**
- `defer func() { h.leaveCh <- c }()` guarantees cleanup (`server.go:116`)
- Hub centralizes close logic (`server.go:61-67`)
**Solution (Client):**
- Detect "Connection closed" in status messages (`main.go:220-227`)
- Reset all socket-related state: `conn`, `reader`, `broadcastListening`
---
## Summary
This application demonstrates:
1. **TCP Client-Server Architecture**
- Server: `net.Listen()`, `Accept()`, per-connection goroutines
- Client: `net.DialTimeout()`, shared connection
2. **Custom Text Protocol**
- Newline-delimited messages
- Request-response (MENU, ORDER)
- Server-initiated broadcasts
3. **Concurrent Socket Communication**
- Multiple clients handled concurrently (server)
- Synchronous + asynchronous reads on single socket (client)
4. **Socket I/O Techniques**
- Buffered reading with `bufio.Reader`
- Read deadlines for timeouts
- Formatted writing with `fmt.Fprintf()`
5. **Broadcast Pattern**
- Hub with channels for thread-safe fan-out
- Write to multiple sockets from single goroutine
6. **Real-World Challenges**
- Read coordination between sync/async operations
- Connection lifecycle management
- Error handling and recovery
---
## Running the Application
**Start Server:**
```bash
go run . -server -host localhost:9000
```
**Start Client(s):**
```bash
go run . -host localhost:9000
```
**Client Controls:**
- `n` - New order (loads menu if needed)
- `r` - Reconnect
- `q` - Quit
---
## File Structure
```
clink/
├── main.go # TUI client with socket operations
├── server.go # TCP server with hub pattern
└── README.md # This documentation
```

791
main.go
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@ -2,675 +2,282 @@ package main
import ( import (
"bufio" "bufio"
"encoding/json"
"errors" "errors"
"flag" "flag"
"fmt" "fmt"
"io"
"net" "net"
"strconv" "regexp"
"strings" "strings"
"time" "time"
"github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles/textarea"
"github.com/charmbracelet/bubbles/viewport"
tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea" tea "github.com/charmbracelet/bubbletea"
"github.com/charmbracelet/huh"
"github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss" "github.com/charmbracelet/lipgloss"
) )
type menuItem struct { // colorizeLine applies ANSI styling to usernames based on 6-hex-digit id from the server.
ID string `json:"id"` func colorizeLine(s string) string {
Name string `json:"name"` reChat := regexp.MustCompile(`^(.+?) \(([0-9a-fA-F]{6})\):[ \t]*(.*)$`)
Price float64 `json:"price"` if m := reChat.FindStringSubmatch(s); m != nil {
id := strings.ToLower(m[2])
nameStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#" + id)).Bold(true)
name := nameStyle.Render(m[1])
rest := strings.TrimSpace(m[3])
return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", name, rest)
}
reJoinLeave := regexp.MustCompile(`^\[(join|leave)\] (.+?) \(([0-9a-fA-F]{6})\)$`)
if m := reJoinLeave.FindStringSubmatch(s); m != nil {
id := strings.ToLower(m[3])
nameStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#" + id)).Bold(true)
uname := nameStyle.Render(m[2])
return fmt.Sprintf("[%s] %s", m[1], uname)
}
reRename := regexp.MustCompile(`^\[rename\] (.+?) \(([0-9a-fA-F]{6})\) -> (.+)$`)
if m := reRename.FindStringSubmatch(s); m != nil {
id := strings.ToLower(m[2])
nameStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#" + id)).Bold(true)
oldN := nameStyle.Render(m[1])
newN := nameStyle.Render(m[3])
return fmt.Sprintf("[rename] %s -> %s", oldN, newN)
}
reWelcome := regexp.MustCompile(`^Welcome (.+?) \(([0-9a-fA-F]{6})\)$`)
if m := reWelcome.FindStringSubmatch(s); m != nil {
id := strings.ToLower(m[2])
nameStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("#" + id)).Bold(true)
uname := nameStyle.Render(m[1])
return fmt.Sprintf("Welcome %s", uname)
}
return s
} }
// order represents the payload we submit back to the server. type netMsg string
type connectedMsg struct{ conn net.Conn }
type disconnectedMsg struct{}
type errorMsg struct{ err error }
// messages used by Bubble Tea
type (
connectedMsg struct{ conn net.Conn }
menuLoadedMsg struct {
items []menuItem
err error
}
orderSubmittedMsg struct {
ack string
total float64
err error
}
broadcastMsg string
statusMsg string
serverLineMsg string
)
type FormFields struct {
name string
itemID string
quantityStr string
confirm bool
}
// model holds the TUI state.
type model struct { type model struct {
host string vp viewport.Model
input textarea.Model
messages []string
conn net.Conn conn net.Conn
server string
title string
status string
loading bool
err error err error
lastOrder *order
broadcasts []string
form *huh.Form
formFields *FormFields
menu []menuItem
name string
itemID string
quantityStr string
confirm bool
width int
height int
reader *bufio.Reader
broadcastListening bool
pauseBroadcast bool
} }
// initialModel creates a base model. func initialModel(serverAddr string) model {
func initialModel(host string) model { vp := viewport.New(80, 20)
vp.Style = lipgloss.NewStyle().Border(lipgloss.NormalBorder()).Padding(0, 1).BorderForeground(lipgloss.Color("#bada55"))
ta := textarea.New()
ta.FocusedStyle.CursorLine = lipgloss.NewStyle()
ta.Placeholder = "Type message and press Enter..."
ta.Focus()
ta.Prompt = "┃ "
ta.CharLimit = 0
ta.SetHeight(2)
ta.ShowLineNumbers = false
return model{ return model{
host: host, vp: vp,
title: "Order Console", input: ta,
formFields: &FormFields{}, messages: []string{},
server: serverAddr,
} }
} }
func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd { func (m model) Init() tea.Cmd {
// Connect on startup
return connectCmd(m.host)
}
func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
var cmds []tea.Cmd
// If a form is active, delegate to it first.
if m.form != nil {
var cmd tea.Cmd
form, cmd := m.form.Update(msg)
if f, ok := form.(*huh.Form); ok {
m.form = f
cmds = append(cmds, cmd)
}
if m.form.State == huh.StateCompleted {
// Parse and submit order if confirmed.
qty, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(m.formFields.quantityStr))
if err != nil || qty <= 0 {
m.err = fmt.Errorf("invalid quantity: %v", m.formFields.quantityStr)
m.form = nil
return m, nil
}
ord := &order{
Name: strings.TrimSpace(m.formFields.name),
ItemID: m.formFields.itemID,
Quantity: qty,
}
m.lastOrder = ord
m.form = nil
if m.formFields.confirm {
if m.conn == nil {
m.status = "Not connected. Unable to submit order."
return m, nil
}
m.err = nil
m.loading = true
m.pauseBroadcast = true
m.status = "Submitting order..."
return m, submitOrderCmd(m.conn, *ord, m.reader)
}
m.status = "Order canceled."
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, cmd
}
if m.form.State == huh.StateAborted {
m.status = "Order form aborted."
m.form = nil
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, cmd
}
return m, tea.Batch(cmds...)
}
switch msg := msg.(type) {
case connectedMsg:
m.conn = msg.conn
m.reader = bufio.NewReader(m.conn)
m.status = fmt.Sprintf("Connected to %s", m.host)
_ = m.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(500 * time.Millisecond))
for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
if _, err := m.reader.ReadString('\n'); err != nil {
break
}
}
_ = m.conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
m.broadcastListening = true
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
case menuLoadedMsg:
m.loading = false
m.pauseBroadcast = false
if msg.err != nil {
m.err = msg.err
m.status = "Failed to load menu."
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, nil
}
m.err = nil
m.menu = msg.items
m.status = "Menu loaded."
m.form = m.buildForm()
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, tea.Batch(m.form.Init(), listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader))
}
return m, m.form.Init()
case orderSubmittedMsg:
m.loading = false
m.pauseBroadcast = false
if msg.err != nil {
m.err = msg.err
m.status = "Order submission failed."
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, nil
}
m.err = nil
if msg.total > 0 {
m.status = fmt.Sprintf("Order submitted. Total: $%.2f", msg.total)
if !m.broadcastListening {
m.broadcastListening = true
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
} else if msg.ack != "" {
m.status = fmt.Sprintf("Order submitted. Server says: %s", msg.ack)
}
if m.broadcastListening {
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
return m, nil
case broadcastMsg:
msgText := string(msg)
if msgText != "" && strings.HasPrefix(msgText, "[order]") {
m.broadcasts = append(m.broadcasts, msgText)
if len(m.broadcasts) > 10 {
m.broadcasts = m.broadcasts[1:]
}
}
if m.pauseBroadcast {
return m, nil
}
return m, listenForBroadcastsCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
case statusMsg:
msgStr := string(msg)
m.status = msgStr
if strings.Contains(msgStr, "Connection closed") {
if m.conn != nil { if m.conn != nil {
_ = m.conn.Close() return tea.Batch(textarea.Blink, readLineCmd(m.conn))
m.conn = nil
} }
m.broadcastListening = false return tea.Batch(textarea.Blink, connectCmd(m.server))
m.reader = nil
}
return m, nil
case tea.KeyMsg:
switch msg.String() {
case "q", "ctrl+c", "esc":
if m.conn != nil {
_ = m.conn.Close()
}
return m, tea.Quit
case "r":
// Reconnect
if m.conn != nil {
_ = m.conn.Close()
m.conn = nil
}
m.broadcastListening = false
m.reader = nil
m.status = "Reconnecting..."
return m, connectCmd(m.host)
case "n":
if m.loading || m.form != nil {
return m, nil
}
if m.conn == nil {
m.status = "Not connected. Press 'r' to reconnect."
return m, nil
}
m.err = nil
if len(m.menu) > 0 {
m.form = m.buildForm()
return m, m.form.Init()
}
m.loading = true
m.pauseBroadcast = true
m.status = "Loading menu..."
return m, fetchMenuCmd(m.conn, m.reader)
}
case tea.WindowSizeMsg:
m.width = msg.Width
m.height = msg.Height
}
return m, nil
} }
func (m model) renderHeader() string {
titleStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Foreground(lipgloss.Color("212"))
hostStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Faint(true)
title := titleStyle.Render(m.title)
host := hostStyle.Render(m.host)
header := lipgloss.JoinVertical(lipgloss.Center, title, host)
return lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(m.width).Align(lipgloss.Center).Render(header)
}
func (m model) renderLeftColumn() string {
lines := []string{}
if m.loading {
loadingText := "Loading..."
if m.status != "" {
loadingText = m.status
}
lines = append(lines, "Status: "+lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("178")).Render(loadingText))
} else if m.status != "" {
lines = append(lines, "Status: "+m.status)
}
if m.err != nil {
lines = append(lines, lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("9")).Render(fmt.Sprintf("Error: %v", m.err)))
}
if m.lastOrder != nil {
lines = append(lines, "", lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Render("Last Order:"))
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf(" Name: %s", m.lastOrder.Name))
var label string
for _, it := range m.menu {
if it.ID == m.lastOrder.ItemID {
label = it.Name
break
}
}
if label != "" {
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf(" Item: %s", label))
} else {
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf(" Item: %s", m.lastOrder.ItemID))
}
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf(" Quantity: %d", m.lastOrder.Quantity))
}
content := lipgloss.JoinVertical(lipgloss.Left, lines...)
return lipgloss.NewStyle().
Width(m.width/2 - 2).
Height(m.height - 6).
Padding(1).
Border(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()).
Render(content)
}
func (m model) renderRightColumn() string {
lines := []string{}
headerStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Bold(true).Foreground(lipgloss.Color("212"))
lines = append(lines, headerStyle.Render("Recent Orders:"))
lines = append(lines, "")
if len(m.broadcasts) == 0 {
lines = append(lines, lipgloss.NewStyle().Faint(true).Render("No orders yet..."))
} else {
bulletStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("141"))
nameStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("86")).Bold(true)
itemStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("117"))
priceStyle := lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("220")).Bold(true)
for _, b := range m.broadcasts {
msg := strings.TrimPrefix(b, "[order] ")
parts := strings.SplitN(msg, " ordered ", 2)
if len(parts) == 2 {
customer := parts[0]
orderDetails := parts[1]
line := fmt.Sprintf("%s %s ordered %s",
bulletStyle.Render("•"),
nameStyle.Render(customer),
itemStyle.Render(orderDetails))
if idx := strings.Index(orderDetails, "($"); idx != -1 {
priceStart := idx
priceEnd := strings.Index(orderDetails[priceStart:], ")")
if priceEnd != -1 {
priceEnd += priceStart + 1
beforePrice := orderDetails[:priceStart]
priceText := orderDetails[priceStart:priceEnd]
line = fmt.Sprintf("%s %s ordered %s %s",
bulletStyle.Render("•"),
nameStyle.Render(customer),
itemStyle.Render(beforePrice),
priceStyle.Render(priceText))
}
}
lines = append(lines, line)
}
}
}
content := lipgloss.JoinVertical(lipgloss.Left, lines...)
return lipgloss.NewStyle().
Width(m.width/2 - 2).
Height(m.height - 6).
Padding(1).
Border(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()).
Render(content)
}
func (m model) renderFooter() string {
connStatus := ""
if m.conn != nil {
connStatus = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("10")).Render("● Connected")
} else {
connStatus = lipgloss.NewStyle().Foreground(lipgloss.Color("9")).Render("● Disconnected")
}
controls := lipgloss.NewStyle().Faint(true).Render("n: New Order r: Reconnect q: Quit")
leftSide := connStatus
rightSide := controls
footer := lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top,
lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(m.width/2).Render(leftSide),
lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(m.width/2).Align(lipgloss.Right).Render(rightSide),
)
return lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(m.width).Render(footer)
}
func (m model) View() string {
if m.width == 0 || m.height == 0 {
return "Loading..."
}
header := m.renderHeader()
var leftCol string
if m.form != nil {
formView := m.form.WithHeight(m.height - 10).View()
leftCol = lipgloss.NewStyle().
Width(m.width/2 - 2).
Height(m.height - 6).
Padding(1).
Border(lipgloss.RoundedBorder()).
Render(formView)
} else {
leftCol = m.renderLeftColumn()
}
rightCol := m.renderRightColumn()
body := lipgloss.JoinHorizontal(lipgloss.Top, leftCol, rightCol)
footer := m.renderFooter()
return lipgloss.JoinVertical(lipgloss.Left,
header,
"",
body,
"",
footer,
)
}
// buildForm constructs the order form: Input (name) -> Select (menu) -> Input (qty) -> Confirm.
func (m *model) buildForm() *huh.Form {
opts := make([]huh.Option[string], 0, len(m.menu))
for _, it := range m.menu {
opts = append(opts, huh.NewOption(fmt.Sprintf("%s - $%.2f", it.Name, it.Price), it.ID))
}
// Reset bound fields for a fresh form
m.formFields.name = ""
m.formFields.itemID = ""
m.formFields.quantityStr = ""
m.formFields.confirm = false
f := huh.NewForm(
huh.NewGroup(
huh.NewInput().
Title("Your name").
Prompt("> ").
Placeholder("Jane Doe").
Value(&m.formFields.name).
Validate(func(s string) error {
if strings.TrimSpace(s) == "" {
return errors.New("name is required")
}
return nil
}),
huh.NewSelect[string]().
Title("Menu item").
Options(opts...).
Value(&m.formFields.itemID).
Validate(func(v string) error {
if v == "" {
return errors.New("please select a menu item")
}
return nil
}),
),
huh.NewGroup(
huh.NewInput().
Title("Quantity").
Prompt("> ").
Placeholder("1").
Value(&m.formFields.quantityStr).
Validate(func(s string) error {
n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(s))
if err != nil || n <= 0 {
return errors.New("enter a positive integer")
}
return nil
}),
huh.NewConfirm().
Title("Place order?").
Affirmative("Yes").
Negative("No").
Value(&m.formFields.confirm),
),
).WithTheme(huh.ThemeBase())
return f
}
// connectCmd connects to the TCP server.
func connectCmd(addr string) tea.Cmd { func connectCmd(addr string) tea.Cmd {
return func() tea.Msg { return func() tea.Msg {
conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 3*time.Second) conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", addr, 3*time.Second)
if err != nil { if err != nil {
return statusMsg(fmt.Sprintf("Connect failed: %v", err)) return netMsg(fmt.Sprintf("[error] connect: %v", err))
} }
return connectedMsg{conn: conn} return connectedMsg{conn: conn}
} }
} }
// fetchMenuCmd asks the server for a menu via the TCP connection. func readLineCmd(conn net.Conn) tea.Cmd {
// Protocol (proposed):
// - client: "MENU\n"
// - server: single line JSON array: [{"id":"x","name":"..."}]\n
func fetchMenuCmd(conn net.Conn, reader *bufio.Reader) tea.Cmd {
return func() tea.Msg { return func() tea.Msg {
if conn == nil || reader == nil { if conn == nil {
return menuLoadedMsg{err: errors.New("not connected")} return disconnectedMsg{}
} }
time.Sleep(150 * time.Millisecond) reader := bufio.NewReader(conn)
line, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if _, err := fmt.Fprintln(conn, "MENU"); err != nil {
return menuLoadedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("send MENU: %w", err)}
}
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(3 * time.Second))
defer func() { _ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{}) }()
var line string
for {
l, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil { if err != nil {
return menuLoadedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("read MENU: %w", err)} if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
return disconnectedMsg{}
} }
l = strings.TrimRight(l, "\r\n") return netMsg(fmt.Sprintf("[error] read: %v", err))
if strings.HasPrefix(l, "[join]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[leave]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[rename]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[order]") {
continue
}
line = l
break
} }
if strings.HasPrefix(line, "[error]") { return netMsg(strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n"))
return menuLoadedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("server: %s", line)}
}
var items []menuItem
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(line), &items); err != nil {
return menuLoadedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("invalid menu JSON: %w", err)}
}
return menuLoadedMsg{items: items}
} }
} }
// submitOrderCmd sends the order over TCP. func sendCmd(conn net.Conn, text string) tea.Cmd {
// Protocol (proposed):
// - client: "ORDER <json>\n"
// - server: a single line acknowledgement (freeform), e.g. "OK\n"
func submitOrderCmd(conn net.Conn, ord order, reader *bufio.Reader) tea.Cmd {
return func() tea.Msg { return func() tea.Msg {
if conn == nil || reader == nil { if conn == nil {
return orderSubmittedMsg{err: errors.New("not connected")} return netMsg("[error] not connected")
} }
b, err := json.Marshal(ord)
_, err := fmt.Fprintln(conn, text)
if err != nil { if err != nil {
return orderSubmittedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("marshal order: %w", err)} return netMsg(fmt.Sprintf("[error] send: %v", err))
} }
if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(conn, "ORDER %s\n", string(b)); err != nil {
return orderSubmittedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("send ORDER: %w", err)}
}
time.Sleep(150 * time.Millisecond)
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second))
defer func() { _ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{}) }()
var line string
for {
l, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
return orderSubmittedMsg{err: fmt.Errorf("read ORDER ack: %w", err)}
}
l = strings.TrimRight(l, "\r\n")
if strings.HasPrefix(l, "[join]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[leave]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[rename]") || strings.HasPrefix(l, "[order]") {
continue
}
line = l
break
}
parts := strings.Split(line, "|")
ack := parts[0]
var total float64
if len(parts) > 1 {
if t, err := strconv.ParseFloat(parts[1], 64); err == nil {
total = t
}
}
return orderSubmittedMsg{ack: ack, total: total}
}
}
func listenForBroadcastsCmd(conn net.Conn, reader *bufio.Reader) tea.Cmd {
return func() tea.Msg {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
return
}
}()
if conn == nil || reader == nil {
return nil return nil
} }
}
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(100 * time.Millisecond)) func (m model) Update(msg tea.Msg) (tea.Model, tea.Cmd) {
line, err := reader.ReadString('\n') var cmds []tea.Cmd
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
if err != nil { switch msg := msg.(type) {
if netErr, ok := err.(net.Error); ok && netErr.Timeout() {
return broadcastMsg("") case connectedMsg:
m.conn = msg.conn
m.messages = append(m.messages, "[connected]")
m.refreshViewport()
return m, readLineCmd(m.conn)
case disconnectedMsg:
m.messages = append(m.messages, "[disconnected]")
if m.conn != nil {
_ = m.conn.Close()
m.conn = nil
} }
return statusMsg(fmt.Sprintf("Connection closed: %v", err)) m.refreshViewport()
return m, nil
case netMsg:
m.messages = append(m.messages, colorizeLine(string(msg)))
m.refreshViewport()
if m.conn != nil && !strings.HasPrefix(string(msg), "[error] read") {
cmds = append(cmds, readLineCmd(m.conn))
} }
return broadcastMsg(strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n"))
case tea.KeyMsg:
switch msg.Type {
case tea.KeyCtrlC, tea.KeyEsc:
if m.conn != nil {
_ = m.conn.Close()
} }
return m, tea.Quit
case tea.KeyEnter:
text := m.input.Value()
if text != "" {
cmds = append(cmds, sendCmd(m.conn, text))
m.input.SetValue("")
m.refreshViewport()
}
return m, tea.Batch(cmds...)
}
case tea.WindowSizeMsg:
// Allocate space: viewport above, input below
m.vp.Width = msg.Width
m.vp.Height = msg.Height - 4
m.input.SetWidth(msg.Width - 2)
m.refreshViewport()
}
// Let textarea handle remaining keys
var cmd tea.Cmd
m.input, cmd = m.input.Update(msg)
if cmd != nil {
cmds = append(cmds, cmd)
}
return m, tea.Batch(cmds...)
}
func (m *model) refreshViewport() {
contentWidth := m.vp.Width - m.vp.Style.GetHorizontalFrameSize()
var b strings.Builder
for _, line := range m.messages {
wrapped := lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(contentWidth).Render(line)
b.WriteString(wrapped)
if !strings.HasSuffix(wrapped, "\n") {
b.WriteString("\n")
}
}
m.vp.SetContent(b.String())
m.vp.GotoBottom()
}
func (m model) View() string {
header := lipgloss.NewStyle().Width(m.vp.Width).Padding(0, 1).Align(lipgloss.Center).Foreground(lipgloss.Color("241")).Bold(true).Render(m.server)
return lipgloss.JoinVertical(
lipgloss.Left,
header,
m.vp.View(),
m.input.View(),
)
} }
func main() { func main() {
var ( var (
host string host string
serverOnly bool serverOnly bool
menuJSON string
) )
flag.StringVar(&host, "host", "localhost:9000", "host:port to connect to or bind the server on") flag.StringVar(&host, "host", "localhost:9000", "host:port to connect to or bind the server on")
flag.BoolVar(&serverOnly, "server", false, "run only the server") flag.BoolVar(&serverOnly, "server", false, "run only the server")
flag.StringVar(&menuJSON, "menu", "", "JSON array of menu items (server mode only), e.g. '[{\"id\":\"tea\",\"name\":\"Green Tea\",\"price\":2.5}]'")
flag.Parse() flag.Parse()
if serverOnly { if serverOnly {
var menu []menuItem if err := startTCPServer(host); err != nil {
if menuJSON != "" {
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(menuJSON), &menu); err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Invalid menu JSON: %v\n", err)
return
}
}
if err := startTCPServer(host, menu); err != nil {
fmt.Println("Server error:", err) fmt.Println("Server error:", err)
} }
return return
} }
time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
// Pre-connect and read initial welcome/instruction before starting UI
var preConn net.Conn
var preMsgs []string
if conn, err := net.DialTimeout("tcp", host, 3*time.Second); err == nil {
preConn = conn
// Read up to two initial lines with a short deadline
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(1 * time.Second))
r := bufio.NewReader(conn)
for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
line, err := r.ReadString('\n')
if err != nil {
break
}
preMsgs = append(preMsgs, strings.TrimRight(line, "\r\n"))
}
_ = conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Time{})
}
m := initialModel(host) m := initialModel(host)
p := tea.NewProgram(m, tea.WithAltScreen()) if preConn != nil {
m.conn = preConn
m.messages = append(m.messages, preMsgs...)
}
p := tea.NewProgram(m, tea.WithAltScreen(), tea.WithMouseCellMotion())
if _, err := p.Run(); err != nil { if _, err := p.Run(); err != nil {
fmt.Println("error:", err) fmt.Println("Error:", err)
} }
} }

View File

@ -2,32 +2,15 @@ package main
import ( import (
"bufio" "bufio"
"encoding/json"
"fmt" "fmt"
"log" "log"
"net" "net"
"strconv"
"strings" "strings"
"sync" "sync"
gonanoid "github.com/matoous/go-nanoid/v2" gonanoid "github.com/matoous/go-nanoid/v2"
) )
var defaultMenu = []menuItem{
{ID: "latte", Name: "Caffè Latte", Price: 4.50},
{ID: "cap", Name: "Cappuccino", Price: 4.00},
{ID: "esp", Name: "Espresso", Price: 3.00},
}
var serverMenu []menuItem
// order is the structure the server expects for ORDER.
type order struct {
Name string `json:"name"`
ItemID string `json:"itemId"`
Quantity int `json:"quantity"`
}
// broadcast represents a line to send to all connections with the ability // broadcast represents a line to send to all connections with the ability
// to exclude a single connection (e.g., exclude self on join). // to exclude a single connection (e.g., exclude self on join).
type broadcast struct { type broadcast struct {
@ -146,75 +129,7 @@ func handleConn(h *Hub, c net.Conn) {
continue continue
} }
// New protocol commands: // Commands
// MENU -> server returns single-line JSON array of menuItem
if strings.EqualFold(line, "MENU") {
b, err := json.Marshal(serverMenu)
if err != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(c, `[error] failed to encode menu`)
continue
}
fmt.Fprintln(c, string(b))
continue
}
// ORDER <json> -> server validates and replies with a single-line ack
if strings.HasPrefix(line, "ORDER") {
raw := strings.TrimSpace(line[len("ORDER"):])
var ord order
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &ord); err != nil {
fmt.Fprintln(c, "[error] invalid order json")
continue
}
ord.Name = strings.TrimSpace(ord.Name)
log.Printf("ORDER parsed: name=%q itemId=%q qty=%d", ord.Name, ord.ItemID, ord.Quantity)
if ord.Name == "" {
fmt.Fprintln(c, "[error] missing name")
continue
}
// Fallback handling: accept numeric strings or floats for quantity
if ord.Quantity <= 0 {
var generic map[string]any
if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(raw), &generic); err == nil {
if v, ok := generic["quantity"]; ok {
switch t := v.(type) {
case string:
if n, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(t)); err == nil {
ord.Quantity = n
}
case float64:
ord.Quantity = int(t)
}
}
}
}
if ord.Quantity <= 0 {
fmt.Fprintln(c, "[error] invalid quantity")
continue
}
var chosen *menuItem
for i := range serverMenu {
if serverMenu[i].ID == ord.ItemID {
chosen = &serverMenu[i]
break
}
}
if chosen == nil {
fmt.Fprintln(c, "[error] unknown item")
continue
}
total := float64(ord.Quantity) * chosen.Price
h.msgCh <- broadcast{
text: fmt.Sprintf("[order] %s ordered %d × %s ($%.2f)", ord.Name, ord.Quantity, chosen.Name, total),
}
fmt.Fprintf(c, "OK|%.2f\n", total)
continue
}
// Chat commands
if line == "/quit" { if line == "/quit" {
break // unified leave handling below break // unified leave handling below
} }
@ -250,18 +165,12 @@ func handleConn(h *Hub, c net.Conn) {
} }
// startTCPServer starts a TCP chat server and never returns unless an error occurs. // startTCPServer starts a TCP chat server and never returns unless an error occurs.
func startTCPServer(addr string, menu []menuItem) error { func startTCPServer(addr string) error {
if len(menu) == 0 {
menu = defaultMenu
}
serverMenu = menu
ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr) ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", addr)
if err != nil { if err != nil {
return err return err
} }
log.Printf("TCP chat server listening on %s", ln.Addr()) log.Printf("TCP chat server listening on %s", ln.Addr())
log.Printf("Menu items: %d", len(serverMenu))
hub := NewHub() hub := NewHub()
go hub.Run() go hub.Run()